DealsOnTheWeb Daily Deal: 8GB iPod Touch: $229 Delivered
The Back Page - Bryan Chaffin vs. Rob Enderle, Rounds 3 & 4: What Is Apple?
by
- May 12th, 2004
Over the last few days, you have been treated to a heads up debate between noted Apple Death Kneller Rob Enderle and myself. Hosted by our friends at MacNewsWorld.com, Mr. Enderle and I answered three questions from MacNewsWorld, and then had the chance to rebut those answers. Today I wanted to point you to Rounds 3 and 4 of this debate, which centers around the question "Is Apple a hardware company that sells software, or a software company that sells hardware?" (See also the first question, as well as our rebuttals to that first question.)
When I originally wrote my answers, as well as the rebuttals, I thought they were going to be published all at one time, which is why I waited until today to point you to rounds 3 and 4. To me, the responses make more sense when taken as a whole, but Mr. Enderle and I wrote so much that publishing everything at one time just wasn't possible.
In any event, Round 3 has our original answers Me: Apple is both a software and hardware company, duh. Mr. Enderle: Apple is a software company that is "exiting the hardware business."
If I spoke fluent Italian, I would let forth a beautiful sounding, but ugly, stream of invective. Alas, I shall settle for the White Boy general response of "Are you on crack?"
Let me offer some quotes:
Me: This is an oft-asked question -- one that many people simply don't understand for the most part because they can't understand any other business model besides Microsoft's.
Apple is both a hardware and software company. This comes back to the "whole widget" issue I mentioned earlier. Apple sells hardware that uses an OS that Apple makes, and Apple makes software to help sell that hardware. It's not that it's a vicious circle. It's that the two are interrelated.
Rob Enderle: Apple is increasingly a company that sells software, services and accessories. It is exiting from the traditional PC hardware business.
When was the last time you saw an Apple PC ad? How about an ad for iTunes, the iPod, Final Cut Pro or Garage Band? Apple has been pulling support from traditional hardware marketing ever since its "switcher" campaign failed.
Mama mia!
Me: Apple has indeed diversified its product strategy. The company is selling more software and has introduced profitable services to its mix as well. However, there is no evidence that Apple is "exiting the traditional PC hardware business."
None.
In fact, it's one of the most unsubstantiated things I have yet heard Mr. Enderle say.
As I have said about Apple's overall direction [in the final round, which has yet to be published by MacNewsWorld], the company does indeed have a major gap in its Mac marketing (in that it isn't properly marketing the Mac), but Mac sales still form the vast majority of its revenue.
Rob Enderle: Ah, I see. I actually answered the question, and Mr. Chaffin took what was likely the better path and basically restated it to point out that Apple (Nasdaq: AAPL) is a platform company more similar to IBM (on servers and mainframes) and Sun than Microsoft and Intel. Or, in other words, it is tied to a rapidly-declining model that was created in the 1950s and not tied either to the model created in the 1980s (Microsoft) or the emerging model that IBM and Microsoft are now chasing, which is more services-based.
I think Apple, particularly if you look at its iTunes/iPod-driven financials, could actually be driving more rapidly into the Web services model than either Microsoft or IBM. While this certainly showcases that the company is leaving its hardware, and maybe most of its software, behind, it also suggests that, having missed the interim change, it may be better able to move to the now-current model and resurge -- albeit as a different company.
There's more of that in the full rebuttal, if you can stomach it. As I did for the first round, I wanted to take a second to do a quick follow up deconstruction of Mr. Enderle's rebuttal, since MacNewsWorld is not hosting that sort of follow up. I recommend that you read both articles before plowing ahead.
Apple is a heading towards being a Web services company: Are you kidding me? Based on what, the iTunes Music Store? I'll spot you .Mac, and still laugh at the idea. If anything, the iTMS (and .Mac) only make my point more clear. Apple develops and sells software to support hardware. In fact, the iTMS is the embodiment of this notion, as Apple makes very little money on downloads, but instead uses the iTMS to promote iPod sales. This couldn't be more clear.
Apple makes more money per customer than MS, therefore hardware sales don't support software development: In my original answer, I said that Apple uses profits from hardware to subsidize much of its software development, citing iLife '04 as a prime example. I say that Apple could not afford to develop that incredible suite at the price it is offering it (US$49) if it wasn't for the fact that it knows it makes a profit from related hardware sales. Mr. Enderle's rebuttal is to say that Apple makes more money on software sales per customer than Microsoft, thereby negating my argument. He says that this is true even though Big Redmond has volume on its side.
This is frankly absurd. Completely and totally absurd. Apple has sold some 400,000 copies of iLife, at something less than US$49 a piece counting retailers' cuts. US$20 million in sales is indeed impressive, but is nothing compared to the tens of millions of copies of Windows XP or the millions of copies of Office XP that Microsoft has sold at substantially higher costs.
Looking specifically at Mac OS X, Apple gets US$129 (retail) for OS X, while Big Redmond gets US$198 - US$299 (retail) for Windows XP, yet Microsoft sells exponentially more copies of its higher priced OS. This very basic examination shows that Microsoft's development costs as a percentage of revenue are miniscule compared to Apple's.
That Apple gets more money per customer for software than Microsoft is utterly irrelevant to any serious debate about hardware and software sales. The fact is that Microsoft gets more money per copy of just about everything it sells. Even "Microsoft Plus for Windows XP," a set of add-ons that has nowhere near the development costs of iLife, sells for US$39 a copy. I guarantee you that Microsoft is making far more money per copy on that than Apple is making on iLife, but Apple knows it is also getting profits from selling Macs to people who want to run iLife. Mr. Enderle's argument holds no water.
Apple should dump hardware to sell software: Not only is this yet another tact from Mr. Enderle (in his other responses he talks about marrying Apple's industrial design skills to the "industry standards" of Windows and Intel), it ignores the fact that Apple's software is terrific, and offers a terrific user experience, because it is running on Mac hardware and a Mac OS. As I have repeatedly demonstrated, it is the control that Apple has over both software and hardware that allows for such a great experience. It befuddles me how Mr. Enderle can praise the Mac experience, as he has done, while completely ignoring the factors that lead to that experience.
Adobe is rated more highly by some Wall Street rater more highly than Microsoft, Dell, Apple, etc.: Who cares and how is this relevant? It's not. It's a completely unrelated fact that Mr. Enderle tosses out as a red herring. The same goes for Sun, a company that Mr. Enderle notes that also pursues a similar hardware/software strategy to Apple's, and is struggling. This is irrelevant. Sun and Apple compete in different markets, with different technologies, different strategies, and a different business model. It's not at all relevant to Apple's overall success or failures as a software and hardware company.
Steve Jobs also recently was placed on a list of overcompensated CEOs: I have demonstrated repeatedly that Mr. Jobs inclusion on these "lists" (and doesn't Mr. Enderle make it sound all official?) of overpaid CEOs is flawed at best. I won't rehash it all here, but will say in brief that Steve Jobs got a ton of stock in one year that was intended as compensation not only for several previous years, but also as compensation for upcoming years (9 years in total). None of the "lists" take this into account, instead pretending that Mr. Jobs got umpteen gazillion dollars for a single year. It's tabloid journalism trying to ride a wave of sensationalism, and that's all. See my most recent column on this subject for more information.
More importantly, however, what does this have to do with this debate? It's another bit of FUD that Mr. Enderle throws in to cast doubt upon Apple's direction because the facts don't actually support his other assertions. Throwing this into a discussion about whether or not Apple is a hardware or software company is pathetic.
Apple's software, accessories and services are carrying Apple's hardware: As I demonstrated, this closing from Mr. Enderle is simply not true, and is not supported by the numbers or any other facts. Apple's hardware provides the revenue to support all of its other operations, including development of products like the iPod that have been very profitable for Apple.
Apple is both a hardware and software company.
began using Apple computers in 1983 in a high school BASIC programming class. He started using Macs in 1990 when the Kinko's guy taught him how to use Aldus PageMaker, finally buying a Power Computing Power 100 in 1995. Today, Bryan is the Editor of The Mac Observer, and has contributed to the print versions of MacAddict and MacFormat (UK).
You can send your comments directly to him, or you can also post your comments below.
Most Recent Columns From The Back Page
- $5 WiFi Routers...With a Catch - June 27th
- Boot Camp Means More Mac Users - April 13th
- Rob "Wrong Again" Enderle Peers Into Apple's Windows Future - April 12th
The Back Page Archives
Observer Comments
I don't even know if I CAN read these debates, because Enderle uses such crap to support his arguments, I just get upset. The man is a fraud.
Now, to take a shot at Apple, I wish they'd get some hardware updates out, and soon. It's already May, and Jobs promised some great things on this 20th Anniversary of the Mac. Very disappointing. It seems that the hardware part of Apple has in recent memory been the weak part of it's hardware/software widget. The G5 initially changed that, but the hardware updates are late to be updated.
Wed May 12, 2004 3:18 pm Subject: hardware sales
there are two computer companies that had black ink for hardware sales this past year, apple lead the pack with dell at second. when apple is the leader in profits for hardware sales, i would say that bot the hardware and software compliment each other, and neither is dominant over the other.
i think enderle's only legitimate point was "if iLife were available on windows, i would buy it". of course you would, it is simply the best digital media suite in the lay man's world. and when dell's photo album is $70 itself, movie maker is $100 and there is no lay equivalent to garageband on windows, of course you would buy iLife for $50. heck, you would buy iLife for $100 or even $150. the problem is that iLife attracts mac sales for digital recording and editing with seamless integration between all of the products.
so, rounds one and two go to bryan chaffin by a wide margin.
rounds three and four were closer, but because bryan actually knew of different business models than dell and M$, bryan takes these rounds.
i think we all know who is going to win out in rounds five and six
kick his @$$ bryan
TRO
Dude Apple seriously needs to start showing people what they can actually do with a Mac and OS X. Regular people can afford iBooks and eMacs, so Apple needs to let these people see how great these products are. They have established credibility with the masses thanks to the iPod. They have products that are priced right. Go in for the kill!
QuoteBiff wrote:
Dude Apple seriously needs to start showing people what they can actually do with a Mac and OS X. Regular people can afford iBooks and eMacs, so Apple needs to let these people see how great these products are. They have established credibility with the masses thanks to the iPod. They have products that are priced right. Go in for the kill!
Good point. I think the Apple Stores have done some to help out the cause, but they need more mass advertising for their computers, including iLife and OS X. Get back mindshare, so they can increase marketshare.
Wed May 12, 2004 3:40 pm Subject: iPod Hardware Sales Cover Up Money-Losing Mac Sales
I object to the assertion that the switcher campaign failed. The fact that it's still being talked about two years later indicates that the it succeeded at what it was supposed to accomplish: To plant Apple's name into peoples' heads, stir up discussion, and maybe push a fence sitter or two in a particular direction. Not all advertising is intended to create sales. Name recognition and PR are valid advertising goals too.
Wed May 12, 2004 4:15 pm Subject: RC's gibberish...
Wed May 12, 2004 4:22 pm Subject: Software subsidizes hardware?
If software were covering the cost of hardware, it would make sense to offer extremely inexpensive Mac models -- say it with me now... "headless iMac" -- so that more people would have Macs for which to buy all that revenue-generating software. Apple is not doing this, and it's not because they're dumb. It is the hardware that keeps Apple in business.
While I would like to see the balance shift slightly if it resulted in cheaper desktops, I don't think Apple would dream of abandoning their world-class hardware business.
Wed May 12, 2004 5:16 pm Subject: Here We Go Again
THERE ARE ONLY TWO profitable computer companies in the world. Apple, and Dell. One of these is contempt to make clones of the same computer every day, and has for two decades. The other one (Apple) is innnovative, profitable, and has the world's bast GUI(Graphical User Interface). Except for RC, which one do you think will still be here on the computer market in 50 years? I say Apple. Microsoft has huge problems, and WILL come un-stuck(where is longhorn?) then the whole world will eventuall cross to Apple, and we can all laugh and tell them WE WERE RIGHT ALL ALONG, and the converts were wrong!
From the day the Macintosh was introduced, Apple was an all in one company, software driving hardware sales, driving software sales. It's a sign of the industry's immaturity that this kind of question still is being asked, 20 years after the introduction of the first mature mass produced Personal Computer. Akin to "is Volvo an engine or a car manufacturer".
The only difference between Post Jobs Apple and Re-Jobs Apple is that Jobs knows they have to be much more aggressive in their software policy.
The moment it seems there's not enough incentive for software makers to provide to the mac platform, they need to step in, buy the most promising company and develop a best of breed for the mac. And the moment they see an oportunity to make a new convergence (walkman-musicshop-computer) they break their own model in order to capture the market.
So, in short, Apple has never been about Hardware or Software, it's always been about empowerment, whole-sale solutions and integrated real life experiences.
Ignore Enderle, either he doesn't get it or doesn't want to get it. As a consultant he's remarkably lacking in perspective.
Wed May 12, 2004 7:39 pm Subject: Apple is a design company
Apple is a design company. What they do is take everyday products and make them easier and more enjoyable to use. Apple gets more plaudits for design than any other reason, not just their hardware and their software but their music players, web sites, stores and advertising - many people say there is too mich design in their advertising.
They were a computer company to start with, but even then their focus was on design (making products easier and more fun), branching out in to design of associated products is a natural progression.
Apple's standout products of the last several years, Final Cut Pro, iTunes and iPod to name but a few, are all based on bought in technology. Today's Apple takes ideas and components from disparate sources and designs better products. They add ingenuity and insight and they clearly listen to customers and consumers because they get so many (design) 'hits'. They don't actual make much (any?) hardware anymore, they design products which they outsource for manufacture.
If the number of employees Apple has in hardware manufacture was compared with employees in software manufacture were compared I am sure they have more in software. By that measure they would be a primarily a software company but there is no comparable company in the computer business so hardware vs software is a spurious argument. Which is why much of the computer industry, especially the analysts, simply can not comprehend what Apple is all about.
It's easier, and makes more sense, to think of Apple as a design company.
Wed May 12, 2004 10:46 pm Subject: I wouldn't expect to hardware till late June/July
Thu May 13, 2004 11:34 pm Subject: RC, Master Financial Analyst
QuoteRealityCheck wrote:
Yes, Apple is a hardware company. But the only hardware making money are the iPods.
In the last quarter Apple sold 807K iPods, with a 25% margin a $400 iPod gives Apple a net of $100 per iPod, times 807K iPods equals $80.7 million, which dwarfs Apple's profit of $46 million last quarter.
The Mac computer business is a big money loser and getting worse as more Apple stores are opened. I'll give it to Steve Jobs that he is successfully covering up the Mac financial disaster with large iPod sales.
1) Margin is only reported at a gross level, not for individual product lines. Where did you get this 25% figure?
2) Gross margin for the period to which you are referring was $530M. The $80M that you calculated, assuming it is correct, is a part of the $530M. If the iPod is the only thing making money, where did the remaining $450M magically appear from?
4) Net sales of iPods was $264M for the period, versus $1.9B for all other products. iPod sales, while impressive, are a drop in the bucket as part of total revenue.
3) Straight from the 10-Q : "The year-over-year declines in quarterly and year-to-date gross margins were primarily due to the increase in mix towards more lower margin iPod and iBook sales."
Discounting RC's usual flawed analysis, there may be some need for concern surrounding reduction of gross margin, from 28.3% for prior year's quarter to 27.8% for the most recent quarter. Still not too shabby when compared to the likes of Dell, which is struggling to get their gross margin over 20%. Apple needs to sell less iPods and more high-margin stuff!
Recent Headlines - Updated Tuesday, May 13th, 2008
- Tue., 3:10 AM
- MS Office 2008 SP1 Improves Stability, Security, More
- 3:05 AM
- Microsoft Says Visual Basic Returning to Office
- Mon., 10:25 PM
- Podcast - Mac Geek Gab #152: Have I Been Hacked?
- 4:50 PM
- Subversive T-shirt Buried Under Apple's Boston Store
- 3:45 PM
- Cover Stream 2.0 Gets Search Filter and Integrated Song Browser
- 3:10 PM
- iPodObserver - Apple Confirms a Steve Jobs WWDC Keynote Address
- 2:05 PM
- iPO Editorial - Making Sense of an iPod superTouch
- 1:10 PM
- TMO Appearances - TMO's Dave Hamilton to Speak at Seacoast MUG
- 12:35 PM
- Google Releases YouTube Upload App, Vidnik
- 11:40 AM
- Analyst: Apple to Sell 11M iPhones in 2008, 17M in 2009
- 11:05 AM
- Hot Forum Topic - Reader Reactions: The Unavailable iPhone
- 10:35 AM
- Apple's Boston Store to Open on May 15
- 10:05 AM
- QuickerTek Intros MacBook Air Battery Extender
- 9:40 AM
- iPodObserver - Rumor: New iPhones Now, Tablets at WWDC
- 8:40 AM
- Pixelmator 1.2 Draftsman Adds Rulers, Adjustments
- 8:15 AM
- iPodObserver - iPhone Unavailable at US, UK Apple Store
- 8:00 AM
- iPO Ted Landau's User Friendly View - In search of headphones for my iPhone
- 7:30 AM
- iPO Quick Tip - iPhone: Saving SMS Messages to Your Mac
The Mac Observer Reader Specials
- Download Typestyler, still the Ultimate Styling Tool for Internet, Print and Video Graphics. Works great in Classic with a Native OS X Version on the way. Free Tryout: www.typestyler.com
- Other World Computing: Performance SATA Drives up to 1.0TB from $54.99 Replace, Upgrade, Add SATA to Mac Pro, PowerMac G5, iMac G5 & even PowerMac G4(with PCI SATA Card) Specials: 400GB from $99; 500GB 7200RPM from $99; 750GB & 1.0TB In Stock now!
NEW MacPro Memory 800Mhz With Apple Spec Heat Sink 2GB Kit $104 / 4GB Kit $184 / 8GB Kit $362 Click to Maximize your Macs...
Mac observers can now play Party Poker for Mac as well as Mac casino games by going to MacPokerOnline.com.For the latest Apple products use Ciao a comparison website to find laptops like MacBook Air. Then find the best prices on MP3 players and use our comparison tool to evaluate cell phones.
Laptop Hardware Provided by TechRestore - Overnight Mac & iPod Repairs.


