Very high inflation is coming, the likes of which we’ve not seen for a couple of decades. Mostly this is owing to rapid growth in the developing world and the deteriorating fiscal situation in the States (deficits Federal, trade, etc), which will worsen dramatically as the Baby Boomers retire. We seemed on the brink of it before the markets blew up this year. Now, deflation seems a more salient concern.
But when the Second Great Depression is successfully prevented, consumers return to our national pastime, and asset prices (even houses!) resume their upward march, inflation will return. Perhaps with extreme prejudice. Again, the drivers will be commodities and our crappy fiscal situation (which obviously has not been improved by shovelling money into the Bear’s maw this autumn). But we don’t know if very high inflation will come in 2010 or 2015 (I rather doubt we’ll see it in 2009).
Gold can be an effective hedge against inflation, but it’s arguable that equities might be a better bet. After all, businesses will be charging higher prices as part of the inflation. Real (ie inflation-adjusted) returns might be harmed by inflation, but they shouldn’t go severely negative.
Where you don’t want to be when the inflation comes is cash (obviously) or fixed instruments eg bonds.
The problem with gold, as Tan points out, is that the market is fairly limited, and so the prices are extremely volatile and can be moved by a few major players (if you thought the hedge funds and AAPL were bad…). So it’s a rather risky place to be. That said, as I grew uneasy about equities (2006-7), I started encouraging people to move somewhat into gold. (I also recommended my parents buy a flat in Paris during the dollar’s height circa 1999, but they declined, helas.) But at this point you want to be buying up equities at their bear-season bargains. In fact some of the recent declines in gold have been attributed to funds liquidating for redemptions as well as investment cash.
I plan to buy significantly into GLD eventually, though probably not for a couple of years. And, again, don’t expect to profit immensely from gold; you’ll just be preventing the massive erosion that you would suffer in cash. I need to do more research on the ‘70s (for this and many other reasons) before I know whether gold would prove superior to equities in any significant fashion.